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Pasture Weed Biological Control
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Environmental Sciences

2006 Field Season

     This year marked the third year of the Pasture Weed Biological Control Program at NSAC. The program has already proven valuable with the implementation of an updated survey of previous releases from the early 1990's. The survey includes the development of a GIS information database which will be used for evaluating biocontrol agents and weed populations for establishment, density and damage while monitoring their spread.

The discovery of an early season mating population of Longitarsus jacobaeae as well as two naturalized species Longitarsis ganglbaueri and Spheroderma testaceum which are the result of the intitial survey conducted in the previous two years. These insects as well as others are being evaluated for their impact on thier given target weeds.

Work has also begun on a publication entitled: A Field Guide to Biological Control in Atlantic Canada which will contain information and photographs of the most successful biological control agents and their target weeds in Atlantic Canada.


Project Objectives :

     This project will contribute to an integrated pest management approach to weed control through the establishment of alternative control options on several species of difficult to control pasture weeds using an assortment of insect agents for biological control. Through the increased supression of difficult to control pasture weeds it is expected that an increase in productive pasture area wil be realized in the form of a reduction of the toxic and/or unpalatable weed species.






Field Collection :

     Surveys and collections of 8 insects on 7 target weed species have been undertaken. Some of these insects are then reared in the greenhouse facility while others are field reared in locations specifically set aside for biocontrol.

     Follow-up surveys on previous biocontrol introductions in the 1980's and 1990's were conducted to ascertain and quantify impact towards biological control in the field. From these surveys efforts and resources can be focused on insects showing the greatest potential.


Identification of Field Sites :

      Surveys have identified 26 release sites across Nova Scotia ranging across 9 counties involving 8 target weed species. Data collected include GPS coordinates and site specific data including density, size and percent cover of the target weed.


Release Phase :

      This season has seen 21 successful releases, targeting 6 weed species to date and the introduction of one new insect species to the Atlantic provinces on scentless chamomile.

Monitoring of previous releases has involved data collection of percent damage and spread of the 7 targeted weeds and their respective biocontrol agent(s).


Investigations

  • Efficacy and impact of Spheroderma testaceum on Canada thistle and Bull thistle
  • Increasing the spread of Urophora stylata on Bull thistle
  • Parasitism levels of Urophora cardui, a biocontrol agent of Canada thistle
  • An adapted breeding cycle for Longitarsus jacobaeae a biocontrol agent of tansy ragwort
  • Efficacy and impact of Longitarsus ganglbaueri on Tansy Ragwort


Industry Links

Nova Scotia Pasture Improvement Initiative

Project Support

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada NS Department of Agriculture and Fisheries

Contacts :

Stephen Crozier
Research Assistant, Department of Environmental Sciences
Nova Scotia Agricultural College
Truro, NS, Canada B2N 5E3
Phone: 902-893-7874
Email: scrozier@nsac.ca
Glen Sampson
Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Sciences
Nova Scotia Agricultural College
Truro, NS, Canada B2N 5E3
Phone: 902-893-6608
Email: gsampson@nsac.ca
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Last updated June 27, 2006